Property Rights
Rights to possess, use, and dispose of real estate, which in Latvia are secured in the land register.
Property rights to real estate represent complete legal power over land or building, including rights to possess, use, and dispose of the property. In Latvia, real estate property rights are secured in the land register.
Elements of property rights:
- Possession - actual power over property
- Use - rights to use property and benefit from it
- Disposition - rights to sell, gift, pledge, or otherwise alienate
Acquisition of property rights:
- Purchase agreement - most common method
- Gift - gratuitous transfer
- Inheritance - after owner's death
- Court decision - as result of dispute resolution
- Privatization - transfer of state or municipal property to private ownership
Securing property rights:
For property rights to be fully protected, they must be registered in the land register. The process includes:
- Preparation of transaction document (usually with notary)
- Submission of corroboration request to land register department
- Document review and entry registration
- Receiving land register certificate
Connection with surveying:
Surveying is essential in ensuring property rights:
- Precise determination of land parcel boundaries
- Preparation of land boundary plan
- Calculation of property area
- Resolution of boundary disputes
Property rights limitations:
Property rights may be limited by:
- Easements - other persons' use rights
- Mortgages - pledge rights
- Protection zones - statutory restrictions
- Spatial planning - permitted use regulations
Before acquiring real estate, always check land register entries to verify clarity of property rights and existing encumbrances.