Surveying
Practical activity involving the measurement of distances, angles, and heights to determine the precise location of points and create maps or plans.
Surveying is a practical discipline that deals with the precise measurement and representation of the Earth's surface, subsurface, and above-ground objects. It is the practical side of geodesy that provides specific measurement results for various needs.
Main surveying tasks:
- Precise determination of distances, angles, and heights
- Calculation of point coordinates
- Development of topographic plans and maps
- Determination and inspection of land parcel boundaries
- Construction stakeout work
- Documentation of as-built measurements
Importance of surveying in Latvia:
In Latvia, surveying is a certified profession, and surveying work may only be performed by licensed specialists. Surveying services are required for land property transactions, construction, infrastructure projects, and spatial planning.
Types of surveying:
- Cadastral surveying - determination and registration of land parcel boundaries
- Topographic surveying - measurement of terrain and objects for plan development
- Engineering surveying - geodetic support for construction and engineering works
- Hydrographic surveying - measurements of water body depths and beds
Modern surveying uses advanced instruments - electronic total stations, GNSS receivers, laser scanners, and unmanned aerial vehicles (drones), which ensure high precision and work efficiency.