Engineering Geodesy
A branch of geodesy that provides precise measurements and stakeouts for the design and construction of buildings, infrastructure, and industrial facilities.
Engineering geodesy is a practical branch of geodesy that provides all types of measurements and geodetic support for the implementation of construction and infrastructure projects. It covers all construction stages - from design to operation.
Main tasks of engineering geodesy:
- Survey phase - topographic surveying, geodetic network creation
- Design phase - geodetic justification of the project
- Construction phase - stakeout, control measurements, as-built surveys
- Operation phase - deformation monitoring, technical inspection
Types of engineering geodesy work:
- Building axis stakeout - placing buildings and structures in the field
- As-built surveys - checking built work compliance with design
- Deformation measurements - monitoring structure movements
- Installation geodesy - precise placement of equipment and structures
- Tunneling geodesy - underground structure measurements
- Hydrotechnical geodesy - dam, bridge, port structure measurements
Precision requirements:
Precision is critical in engineering geodesy:
- Building construction - 5-10 mm in plan
- Industrial buildings - 2-5 mm
- Bridges and overpasses - 3-5 mm
- Precision machinery equipment - 0.1-0.5 mm
Instruments used:
- Precision electronic total stations
- GNSS receivers with RTK
- Precision levels
- 3D laser scanners
- Specialized installation systems
Importance of engineering geodesy:
Quality construction is not possible without precise engineering geodesy. Measurement errors can cause structural non-compliance, safety issues, and expensive reconstruction work.